TY - JOUR
KW - Balkans
KW - Black Sea region
KW - cooperation
KW - defense
KW - Deterrence
KW - Eastern Flank
KW - European Union
KW - Interoperability
KW - NATO
KW - readiness
KW - resilience
AU - Velizar Shalamanov
AU - Pavel Anastasov
AU - Georgi Tsvetkov
AB - <p>This article reflects the discussions during a September 2018 conference in Sofia, sponsored by the NATO Public Diplomacy Division. Its focus is on the defense and deterrence posture of NATO and the European Union in Eastern Europe. Special attention is given to the development of the Bucharest Initiative (B9) and its influence on the Western Balkans and Black Sea Region. The authors propose a Program for Readiness and Interoperability, oriented to the C4ISR area. This is based on the defense posture and in the context of the developments in NATO and the European Union for improved readiness and interoperability with partners that, together with enhanced cooperation in education and training for the de¬fined B9+ region, will act as instruments to implement this cooperation and improve the deterrence and defense capability on the Eastern Flank of NATO and the EU, while at the same time strengthening resilience to hybrid threats.</p>
BT - Connections: The Quarterly Journal
DA - 2019
DO - https://doi.org/10.11610/Connections.18.1-2.02
IS - 1
LA - eng
N2 - <p>This article reflects the discussions during a September 2018 conference in Sofia, sponsored by the NATO Public Diplomacy Division. Its focus is on the defense and deterrence posture of NATO and the European Union in Eastern Europe. Special attention is given to the development of the Bucharest Initiative (B9) and its influence on the Western Balkans and Black Sea Region. The authors propose a Program for Readiness and Interoperability, oriented to the C4ISR area. This is based on the defense posture and in the context of the developments in NATO and the European Union for improved readiness and interoperability with partners that, together with enhanced cooperation in education and training for the de¬fined B9+ region, will act as instruments to implement this cooperation and improve the deterrence and defense capability on the Eastern Flank of NATO and the EU, while at the same time strengthening resilience to hybrid threats.</p>
PY - 2019
SE - 25
SP - 25
EP - 42
T2 - Connections: The Quarterly Journal
TI - Deterrence and Defense at the Eastern Flank of NATO and the EU: Readiness and Interoperability in the Context of Forward Presence
VL - 18
ER -