This article elaborates on the issues related to improving joint training. Special emphasis is given to transformation of training and especially to the establishment of the Joint National Training Capability (JNTC) as the cornerstone of training transformation. The author presents the six functional areas of JNTC implementation: Joint Management Office, Joint Training System Application, Joint Command and Control, Opposing Forces, Joint Training Infrastructure, and Advanced Training Technologies. The role of modeling and simulation and CAX in particular is also discussed. The various challenges and approaches are presented in a global distributed training environment.