To overcome interdisciplinary barriers in solving the problems of the human factor in science, education, and technology, it is necessary to harmonize human-computer interaction. The identification of three key problems of the human factor—interdisciplinary barriers, cognitive distortions, psychophysiological compatibility—allowed us to reveal the hidden relationships between them. Systemic problems lie at the intersection of ergonomics, engineering psychology, neuro and cognitive sciences, etc. Here we show that the existing standards, approaches, and methods for ensuring biological, informational and functional safety in human factors engineering and engineering psychology are associated with the duality of perception, the individuality of thinking, and functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres. They determine complex-systemic thinking and cognitive individuality associated with an intuitive search for a spatio-temporal balance between extremes. This balance depends on the functional and mental state of a person, as well as on the aesthetic perception of the digital world. Visualization of hidden spatio-temporal features of information flows of various nature in the cognitive space demonstrates the advantages and validity of a transdisciplinary approach to relevant problems of ergonomics and the human factor. The innovative potential of harmonization through a convergent approach is considered.